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马上就是期末考试了,在这么多考试中,最难看懂的应该就是英语的试卷了,而英语作文的写作同样十分考验我们。
作为一个过来人,有一个方法对于写英语作文十分有效,那就是背诵英语范文。
这样一来可以培养语感,在做阅读理解的时候也能更容易猜到文章大意是什么;二来能够为写作文积累好词好句,写出来的文章也会更符合老师们的要求。
但是,那么多的英语范文,要怎么背才会又快又好呢?
当然是运用背课文万能公式啦!
英语文章的记忆其实本质与我们的中文记忆是一样的,都是语言的运用,都是用来说明和描述一定内容的,都是建立在我们的生活基础之上的。
我们对英语或者中文描述的内容都可以找到一定的画面来处理和加工的,首先都需要运用我们的想象力进行画面的想象帮助我们理解,然后找出关键词,再次进行画图记忆法、关键词联想、逻辑联想、思维导图等各种方法灵活运用起来,将关键词形成一个整体的画面或者一个逻辑体系,以此来帮助我们的记忆。
下面是我们选自《新概念英语》中的一篇文章,以此为例来讲解背课文万能公式在英语文章记忆中的运用。
Future champions
Experiments have proved that children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age. At a special swimming pool in Los Angeles, children become expert at holding their breath under water even before they can walk. Babies of two months old do not appear to be reluctant to enter the water. It is not long before they are so accustomed to swimming that they can pick up weights from the floor of the pool. A game that is very popular with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle race. Tricycles are lined up on the floor of the pool seven feet under water. The children compete against each other to reach the other end of the pool. Many pedal their tricycles, but most of them prefer to push or drag them. Some children can cover the whole length of the pool without coming up for breath even once. Whether they will ever become future Olympic champions, only time will tell. Meanwhile,they should encourage those among us who can not swim five yards before they aregasping for air.
在英语记忆过程中,有一个最重要的基础就是对每一个单词意思要有一定的认识,在记忆这篇英语文章前,我们需要消除陌生单词:
○ instruct vt.
(1)指导,教,传授:
Children can be instructed in swimming at a very earlyage.
儿童在很小的时候就可以开始学习游泳。
(2)指示,命令,吩咐:
The doctor instructed Jimmy to stay in bed for a week.
医生嘱咐吉米卧床一星期。
○ compete vi.
(1)比赛,对抗(通常与 with或 against连用):
The children compete against each other to reach theother end of the pool.
孩子们比赛看谁先到达游泳池的另一端。
(2)匹敌,比得上,媲美(通常与with连用,多用于否定句):
Hugh's house can't compete with yours.
休的房子比不上你的。
解决陌生单词后,我们再来熟悉下这篇文章介绍的大概内容,此时可以参考译文快速了解。
参考译文:
实验证明,儿童在很小的时候就可以开始学习游泳。在洛杉矶的一个特设的游泳池里,孩子们甚至在还没有学会走路时就已经能熟练地在水下屏住呼吸了。两个月的婴儿并未显得不愿意入水。他们很快便适应了游泳,以致能捡起池底的物品。这些幼小的游泳运动员非常喜爱的一种游戏是水下三轮车比赛。三轮车并排放在7英尺深的游泳池底上。孩子们比赛看谁先到达游泳池的另一端。很多孩子用脚蹬车,但多数孩子更愿意推或是拉着三轮车。有些孩子能够跑完游泳池的全长而不用露出水面换气。他们将来是否能成为奥林匹克的冠军,这只能由时间来作出回答。与此同时,他们对我们中的那些游不了5码就已喘不过气来的人应该是种鼓舞。
陌生单词、译文都是帮助我们了解认识这篇文章,熟悉文章所介绍的内容。
接下来就是找关键词的步骤。
Experiments have proved that children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age. At a special swimming pool in Los Angeles, children become expert at holding their breath under water even before they can walk. Babies of two months old do not appear to be reluctant toenter the water. It is not long before they are so accustomed to swimming that they can pick up weights from the floor of the pool. A game that is very popular with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle race. Tricycles are lined up on the floor of the pool seven feet under water. The children compete against each other to reach the other end of the pool. Many pedaltheir tricycles, but most of them prefer to push or drag them. Some children can cover the whole length of the pool without coming up for breath even once. Whether they will ever become future Olympic champions, only time will tell. Meanwhile, they should encourage those among us who can not swim five yards before they are gasping for air.
上面段落当中被标蓝的词语就是我们找出来的关键词。
最后,我们可以用画图记忆法,也可以用关键词联想法,也可以用逻辑联想法等方法来记忆。下面就举个栗子~
实验室里(Experiments)建造了一个游泳池(swimming pool),训练孩子们在水下呼吸(breath underwater),两个月大的婴儿(Babiesof two months old)进入水中(enterthe water),孩子们适应了游泳(accustomed to swimming),还能在游泳时拣起物品(pick up weights),还在玩起了水下三轮车的比赛(underwater tricycle race),比赛在水下七英尺(seven feet)处进行。比赛(compete)从游泳池这头到另一头。有些孩子用脚蹬(pedal)车,更多的孩子推或者是拉(pushor drag)。有些孩子能游完全程(cover the whole length)而不用换气,也许他们是未来的奥运冠军(future Olympic champions),可以用时间(time)来证明了。同时我们也受到了鼓舞(encourage),尤其是对不能游五步(swimfive yards)人来说更是如此。
通过这样的联想,我们回忆的时候需要回忆相应的关键词,以关键词来回忆相应的英文内容——想象在一个游泳池里做实验,有一群小孩子的画面再接着涌现出来,上面的联结就能依次地回想起来。(是不是感觉比译文要好记一些呢~)
基本上这就是我们的英语文章记忆的原理,其本质真是与我们的中文文章一样的。在这个过程中我们需要注意的是,想象的画面要清晰,这样记忆的效果才会更好。